Bharat mein ghar ke naukar aur domestic workers ke kanuni adhikar janein — minimum wage, social security, National Policy, aur shikayat kaise darj karein.
Haan. Minimum Wages Act 1948 ke antargat ghar ke kaam ko kai rajyon ne scheduled employment mein shamil kiya hai. Rajya sarkar apne-apne state mein minimum wage tay karti hai. Delhi, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu jaise rajyon mein domestic workers ke liye alag wage slab hain. Ek baar minimum wage tay hone ke baad, employer isse kam dena kanuni aparadh hai.
Unorganised Workers' Social Security Act 2008 domestic workers ko social security labh deti hai. Iske antargat Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maandhan (PM-SYM) pension yojana, Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (health insurance), aur building & construction workers welfare schemes shamil hain. Workers e-Shram portal (eshram.gov.in) par registration karke card prapt kar sakte hain.
2019 mein drafts ki gayi National Policy on Domestic Workers unhe 'worker' ke roop mein manyata deti hai. Yeh policy minimum wage, working hours (8 ghante), weekly off (1 din), paid leave, social security, aur employer ke saath written contract ki sifarish karti hai. Halanki abhi tak koi central legislation nahi hai, kuch rajyon jaise Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan ne apne rules banaye hain.
Central kanun mein abhi tak domestic workers ke liye mandatory paid leave ka provision nahi hai, lekin kai rajyon ke state-level rules mein yeh diya gaya hai. Maharashtra Domestic Workers Welfare Board rules mein 12 din ki earned leave milti hai. Andhra Pradesh mein 1 din leave per 20 days work ka provision hai. Written agreement mein leave ka zikr zaroori hai.
Pahle likhi shikayat employer ko dein. Agar koi hal na aaye to: (1) Nearest Labour Office mein complaint darj karein — District Labour Commissioner ka office hota hai; (2) State Domestic Workers Welfare Board se sampark karein (jahan ho); (3) Agar physical/sexual abuse hua ho to nearest police station mein FIR darj karein under IPC/BNS; (4) Mahila helpline 181 ya National Commission for Women (NCW) se madad lein.
Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act 2013 — POSH Act — ka Section 2(o) mein 'workplace' ki paribhasha mein household bhi shamil hai. Isliye domestic worker bhi POSH ke antargat sexual harassment ki shikayat kar sakti hain. Local Complaints Committee (LCC) se sampark karein jo har zile mein hoti hai aur jo District Officer ke under kaam karti hai.
Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act 1970 ke antargat agency (contractor) aur employer (principal employer) dono zimmedaar hain. Agar agency minimum wage nahi deti, to employer zimmedaar ho sakta hai. e-Shram par registration se workers ka record rakha jaata hai. Behtareen tarika hai ki agency se written contract lo jisme wages, working hours, social security deductions sab clearly likha ho.
eshram.gov.in par jaayein ya nearest CSC (Common Service Centre) jaayein. Aadhar card aur mobile number zaroori hai. Registration free hai. e-Shram card milne ke baad PM Suraksha Bima Yojana ke antargat Rs 2 lakh ka accidental insurance aur PM-SYM pension yojana ka labh milta hai. Yeh card domestic workers ke liye national database mein entry hai.
Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala, Tamil Nadu mein state domestic workers welfare boards hain. Yeh boards scholarship (workers ke bacchon ke liye), maternity benefit, accident compensation, skill training, aur housing assistance deti hain. Registration ke liye State Labour Department ke office se sampark karein ya board ki official website check karein. Annual fee usually Rs 50–100 hoti hai.
uplaw.ai ghar ke naukar aur domestic workers ko unke kanuni adhikaron ki jankari deta hai — wage disputes, social security registration, POSH complaint, aur welfare board registration sabke liye guided assistance milti hai. Hamaara AI aapki samasya sunkar sahi kadam, relevant kanun, aur shikayat ka tarika batata hai. Shuru karne ke liye apna sawaal type karein.